Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The disease generally affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. The main symptoms are cough with sputum and blood sometimes, chest pains, weakness, weight loss, fever, and night sweats. Tuberculosis vaccines are given to prevent the disease or reduce its severity. Two main types of tuberculosis vaccines are available - Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine and others in clinical trials. BCG vaccine provides some protection against severe forms of tuberculosis in childhood. Different organizations provide research funding for the development of improved or new tuberculosis vaccines with better efficacy.

The global tuberculosis vaccine market is estimated to be valued at US$ 149.67 Mn in 2023 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 21.% over the forecast period 2023 to 2030, as highlighted in a new report published by Coherent Market Insights.

Market Dynamics:

Increasing research funding for tuberculosis vaccine development is a major driver fueling growth of the tuberculosis vaccine market. For instance, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2017, total funding for tuberculosis research was US$ 778 million, with over half of research funded by public sources and the rest funded by private sources. Major public funders include National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), European Commission, Department for International Development (UK), German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, and The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Moreover, various initiatives such as European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership of European Union worth €700 million and TB Vaccine Initiative jointly funded by The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and UK's Wellcome Trust are further promoting research and development of tuberculosis vaccines. Such initiatives are expected to translate into pipeline products entering the market in coming years, thereby supporting market growth over the forecast period.

SWOT Analysis
Strength: Tuberculosis is one of the leading infectious killer diseases globally. The availability of effective TB vaccine can help save millions of lives each year. The existing vaccines are moderately effective and shows protection for around 10 years. Continuous research and development efforts are helping scientists develop more effective long lasting TB vaccines.

Weakness: Developing an effective vaccine against a complex disease like TB is a challenging task which requires extensive research. The exact mechanism by which Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects the body is still not fully understood which poses difficulty in vaccine development. High development cost and lengthy clinical trials are some other weaknesses.

Opportunity: According to WHO, tuberculosis remains one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. The huge patient pool suffering from active and latent TB presents a massive market opportunity. Increasing government funding for TB research especially in high burden countries can boost vaccine development. Partnerships between private and public organizations is another opportunity area.

Threats: Emergence of drug resistant TB strains is a major threat. Vaccines developed now may not remain effective against future strains in a rapidly evolving pathogen. Stringent regulatory norms for vaccine approval can increase uncertainty. Slow progress in TB diagnostic methods is also a challenge area.

Key Takeaways

The global tuberculosis vaccine market growth is expected to witness high growth over the forecast period supported by the increasing TB disease burden globally. According to WHO estimates, around 10 million new cases of TB emerged in 2021 reflecting the massive market potential.

Regionally Asia Pacific holds the highest potential owing to the large TB patient numbers. While preventive BCG vaccine offers partial protection, development of novel vaccines providing lifelong immunity remains the major focus.

Key players operating in the tuberculosis vaccine market are Fujitsu Limited, Mindtree Limited, IBM Corporation, Wipro Limited, Unisys Corporation, CenturyLink Inc., Virtustream Inc. and HCL Technologies Limited. These companies are engaged in developing novel vaccine candidates using advanced technologies. For instance, Fujitsu is working on a viral vector based vaccine targeting both active and latent TB infections. Similarly, Mindtree's artificial intelligence aided approaches can help accelerate vaccine screening. partners with academics and non-profits focused on neglected diseases to develop new tools in TB diagnosis and treatment. Further collaborative research is expected to result in an effective global vaccine to control the TB disease burden.

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