Bismuth is a metal that expands when solidifying. It has been used in alloys, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and electronics. In alloys, bismuth acts as a machinability enhancer and deoxidizer. It enhances machinability by encouraging chip formation during cutting. In cosmetics, bismuth oxychloride is used as a pearl essence in eye shadows and face powders. Bismuth subsalicylate is used as an...